In Vitro Seed and Clonal Propagation of the Mediterranean Bee Friendly Plant Anthyllis hermanniae L.

Anthyllis hermanniae L. (Fabaceae) is a perennial Mediterranean shrub with the potential to be used as bee-friendly ornamental plant in arid and semi-arid regions, valued for its tolerance of barren soils, winds, strong temperature changes. With aim facilitating introduction species into horticulture industry, vitro seed clonal propagation was investigated first time, our knowledge. Seeds stored dark at room 4, 7, 9, 12, 18 months germinated percentages higher than 80% after scarification, when incubated solid half-strength Murashige Skoog (MS) medium temperatures from 10 25 °C, while photoperiod (continuous darkness or 16 h light period/8 dark) during incubation did not affect germination. Explants excised grown seedlings established compared explants adult native plants, more efficiently MS 1.0 mg L?1 6 N benzyladenine (BA). During subcultures same medium, juvenile formed longer shoots ones. Almost all subcultured 0.0 4.0 BA, zeatin, kinetin 6-(?,?-dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP). ?A 0.5 2.0 induced many (17–21) per explant much multiplication indices other cytokinins, were produced without hormones 0.5–1.0 2iP. Microshoots cultured 0.0–4.0 indole-3-butyric acid rooted highest percentage (around 70%) containing IBA, microshoots origin developed roots Micropropagated plantlets successfully acclimatized ex (>97%), regardless their origin. The efficient micropropagation A. hermaniae will facilitate sustainable exploitation landscape plant, forage honeybees areas, medicinal plant.